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the number eight

  • 1 octoni

    octōni, ae, a, num. distr. adj. [octo].
    I.
    Eight each, eight at a time, by eights:

    cum alii octonos lapides ecfodiunt,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 66:

    partes,

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 30 Müll.:

    hujus generis octoni ordines ducti,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 8:

    imperat Bellovacis decem, octona Pictonibus,

    id. ib. 7, 75, 3:

    octona milia peditum praetoribus data,

    Liv. 32, 28.—
    II.
    In gen., eight:

    octonis iterum natalibus actis,

    Ov. M. 13, 753:

    anni,

    id. ib. 5, 50.— Sing.: octonus (late Lat.) numerus, the number eight, Hil. prol. in Psa. 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > octoni

  • 2 ogdoas

    ogdŏas, ădis, f., = ogdoas.
    I.
    In gen., the number eight (eccl. Lat.), Hier. Ep. 36, n. 9.—
    II.
    In partic., one of the œons of Valentinus, Tert. adv. Val. 7 and 20; id. Anim. 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ogdoas

  • 3 octas

    octas, ădis, f., = oktas, the number eight, Mart. Cap. 7, § 740.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > octas

  • 4 octoas

    octŏăs, ădis, f. [octo], = octas, the number eight (post-class.), Tert. Praescr. 49.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > octoas

  • 5 bes

    bes, bessis, m. (nom. bessis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 33 Müll.; Prisc. Ponder. p. 1348 P.) [be-is = binae partes assis].
    I.
    Two thirds of a unit (the as); eight unciae, or twelfths (cf. as): bessis octo sunt unciae (8/12 = 2/3), triens quattuor, Paul. ex Fest. l. l.
    A.
    As a coin: fenus ex triente Idib. Quint. factum erat bessibus, i. e. instead of the previous monthly interest of 1/3 %, 2/3 % was now reckoned; thus, acc. to the present mode of calculating, for the year, the interest advanced from 4 % (12X1/3) to 8 % (12X2/3), * Cic. Att. 4, 15, 7.—
    B.
    In gen., two thirds of any whole.
    1.
    Of shares in a partnership:

    Nerva constituit, ut tu ex triente socius esses, ego ex besse,

    Dig. 17, 2, 76.—
    2.
    Of a sum of money:

    exsolvere bessem pretii,

    Dig. 17, 1, 12.—
    3.
    Of a tract of land:

    emere bessem fundi,

    Dig. 16, 21, 2, § 39: bisque novem, Nemeaee, dabis, bessemque (i. e. eight months) sub illis, Manil. 3, 367.—
    4.
    Of a jugerum:

    partes duae tertiae pedes decem novem milia et ducentos, hoc est bes, in quo sunt scripula CXCII.,

    Col. 5, 1, 11.—
    5.
    Of a measure of capacity:

    bes sextarii,

    Scrib. Comp. 126.—
    6.
    Of a pound, = 8 ounces:

    in binos semodios farinae satis esse bessem fermenti,

    Plin. 18, 11, 26, § 102; Scrib. Comp. 157.—
    7.
    Of an inheritance:

    heres ex besse,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 2.—
    C.
    Meton. for eight: quincunces et sex cyathos bessemque bibamus, Caïus ut fiat Julius et Proculus (i. e. so many letters were comprised in these names; cf. 1. bibo, 2. e.), Mart. 11, 36, 7 and 8.—
    D.
    Bes alter = (12+8)/12 = 1 2/3, Fest. s. v. triens, p. 363 Müll.—
    II.
    In mathematics, where the cardinal number is six (cf. as
    ► ), bes = 4, Gr.
    dimoiros, Vitr. 3, 1, p. 61 Rod. and bes alter = (6+4)/6 = 1 2/3, Gr. epidimoiros, id. ib.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bes

  • 6 tribūnus

        tribūnus ī, m    [tribus], the head of a tribe (see tribus); hence, a president, commander, representative, tribune: tribunus celerum, in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat, L.—Esp., tribuni aerarii, paymasters, quaestors' assistants (by the Lex Aurelia made judges on the part of the plebs): (Milonem) tribuni aerarii condemnarunt.—Tribuni militares or militum, tribunes of the soldiers, military tribunes, colonels (a legion had six, each of whom commanded it for two months of the year): tribunus militaris cum Servilio profectus: tribuni cohortium, i. e. then present with the cohorts, Cs.— From B.C. 444 to B.C. 366 the highest officers of the State, at first three in number, then six, and after B.C. 402 eight, chosen both from the patricians and the plebeians, were military tribunes with consular power: tribunos militum consulari potestate creari sinere, L.: tribuni consulares, L. —With plebis or plebei (expressed or understood), a tribune of the common people, representative of the plebeians (a magistrate charged with the protection of the commons against the patricians): ita tribuni plebei creati duo, L.: spem habere a tribuno plebis.
    * * *

    t/plebis -- t/of the people; t/mllitum, tribune of the soldiers

    Latin-English dictionary > tribūnus

  • 7 quadro

    quā̆dro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [quadrus].
    I.
    Act., to make four-cornered, to square, make square:

    abies atque populus ad unguem quadrantur,

    Col. 11, 2, 13:

    lapides,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 17.—
    B.
    Transf., to put in proper order, to join properly together, to complete, perfect:

    quadrandae orationis industria,

    in properly arranging, Cic. Or. 58, 197:

    quae pars quadrat acervum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 35 Orell. ad loc. —
    II.
    Neutr. ( to be square, said of squared stones for building, which fit well together; hence), transf., to square or agree with, to fit, suit:

    secto via limite quadret,

    Verg. G. 2, 278:

    eam conjunctionem quadrare volumus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 175:

    omnia in istam quadrant,

    fit her, id. Cael. 29, 69:

    ad multa,

    to suit in many respects, id. Att. 4, 18:

    quoniam tibi ita quadrat,

    it seems to you so proper, pleases you so, id. Brut. 11, 43.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of accounts, to square, agree, accord:

    quomodo sexcenta eodem modo quadrarint,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92: visum est hoc mihi ad multa quadrare. id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3).—
    2.
    Of words, to be fitting, appropriate:

    scire, quod quoque loco verborum maxime quadret,

    Quint. 9, 4, 60.— Hence, quā̆drātus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    In gen., squared, square, quadrate (class.): quadrata basis, Varr. ap. Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 91: pes, a square foot, Plin, 33, 4, 21, § 75; Col. 5, 1, 6; 5, 2, 5:

    saxum,

    squared, hewn stone, Liv. 10, 23; so, lapis, Varr. ap. Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 91: littera, capital letters, which are composed of square strokes, Petr. 29:

    statura,

    square, robust, Suet. Vesp. 20:

    corpus,

    Cels. 2, 1:

    boves,

    stout, vigorous, Col. 6, 1, 3:

    canis,

    id. 7, 12, 4:

    signa,

    i.e. statues, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 56: agmen, a marching in regular order of battle; also, an army advancing in regular order of battle, so that the whole body forms a parallelogram, Varr. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 121:

    quadratum acies consistat in agmen,

    Tib. 4 (5), 1, 100:

    ut inde agmine quadrato ad urbem accederet,

    in order of battle, Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18; 2, 42, 108; Hirt. B. G. 8, 8; Liv. 21, 5, 16; Curt. 5, 1, 19; Sen. Ep. 59, 6:

    quadrato agmine incedere,

    Sall. J. 100, 1; v. agmen; cf.: quadrato Exercitu, Cat. ap. Non. p. 204, 33:

    pallium,

    square, four-cornered, Petr. 135:

    numerus,

    a square number, Gell. 1, 20, 4:

    versus,

    a verse of eight feet, id. 2, 29, 20: Roma, the most ancient Rome, built in the form of a square, on the Mons Palatinus; and, in a narrower sense, the enclosed square place on the summit of the Palatine, the mundus of all cities built in the Etruscan fashion, Fest. p. 258 Müll.; cf. on the Roma quadrata, Becker, Alterth. 1, p. 105 sq. —
    2.
    Substt.
    a.
    quā̆drātum, i, n.
    (α).
    A [p. 1501] square, a quadrate:

    dimensio quadrati,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. N. D. 1, 10, 24:

    mutat quadrata rotundis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100:

    in quadratum,

    into a square, tetragon, Plin. 18, 22, 51, § 189; Quint. 1, 10, 40.—
    (β).
    Astronom. t. t., quadrature, quartile, Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89:

    luna in quadrato solis dividua est,

    Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 80.—
    b.
    quā̆drātus, i, m., a square, quadrate:

    marmorum quadrati,

    Cassiod. Var. 2, 7. —
    B.
    Transf., fitting, suitable (rare):

    lenis et quadrata verborum compositio,

    Quint. 2, 5, 9; cf. id. 9, 4, 69. — Hence, adv.: quā̆drātē, fourfold, four times (post-class.), Manil. 2, 295.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quadro

  • 8 tribunus

    trĭbūnus, i, m. [tribus, prop. the chief of a tribe; hence, in gen.], a chieftain, commander, tribune.
    I.
    Tribuni aerarii, paymasters, who assisted the quaestors, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 10, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 181 Müll.; Fest. p. 2 ib.;

    called also tribuni aeris,

    Plin. 33, 2, 7, § 31. By the Lex Aurelia these tribuni aerarii were made judges on the part of the people:

    (Milonem) tribuni aerarii condemnarunt,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6; id. Cat. 4, 7, 15:

    a tribunis aerariis absolutus,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 3; cf.

    in a pun with aerati (rich),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 8. This judicial office was taken from them by Julius Cæsar, Suet. Caes. 41.—
    II.
    Tribuni Celerum, captains or commanders of the Celeres, Liv. 1, 59, 7; cf. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 15; Weissenb. ad Liv. 1, 15, 8. —
    III.
    Tribuni militares or militum, tribunes of the soldiers, military tribunes; these were officers of the army, six to each legion, who commanded in turn, each two months at a time:

    qui M. Aemilio legati et praefecti et tribuni militares fuerunt,

    Cic. Clu. 36, 99; so,

    militares,

    Plin. 34, 3, 6, § 11; cf. in sing.:

    cum tribunus militaris depugnavi apud Thermopylas,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 32:

    a tribunis militum, praefectis reliquisque, qui, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so,

    militum,

    id. ib. 3, 7; cf. in sing.:

    tribunus militum,

    id. ib. 3, 5; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 2:

    tribuni cohortium,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20.— Sing.:

    Stilonius Priscus qui tribunus cohortis, sub Classico fuerat,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 18; cf.:

    tribunus minor,

    Veg. Mil. 2, 7;

    and tribunus legionis,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 20.—
    IV.
    Tribuni militum consulari potestate, military tribunes with consular power; these were the highest officers of the State from A.U.C. 310 to A.U.C. 388. They were chosen from the patrician and plebeian orders, and were at first three, then six, and, after the year 352, eight in number, Liv. 4, 6, 8; 4, 7, 1; 5, 1, 2;

    called tribuni consulares,

    id. 8, 33; Becker, Antiq. 2, 2, p. 136 sq.—
    V.
    Tribuni plebis, and more freq. simply tribuni, tribunes of the people, whose office it was to defend the rights and interests of the Roman plebeians against the encroachments of the patricians, Liv. 2, 33, 2; 2, 56, 3 sq.; Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58 sq.; id. Leg. 3, 7, 16; cf. Becker, Antiq. 2, 2, p. 247 sq.; Lange, Antiq. 1, 1, p. 592 sq., and the authorities cited by both.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tribunus

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